Video Games and Mental Health: The Positive and Negative Aspects by Sociological and Psychological Perspective

Whether they’re adventuring in fantastical realms in World of Warcraft, competing with friends in Fortnite, or creating communities in Animal Crossing, it’s clear that a large number of people enjoy playing video games. A recent survey revealed that 85% of middle and high school students have engaged in gaming over the past year.

From a sociology lens, video games allow young people to delve into imaginative realms, express their creativity, and compete with friends online. However, the widespread influence of gaming on our culture may not be entirely positive. A recent report indicates that 86% of parents believe their children dedicate too much time to gaming, raising worries about their sleep, social skills, and emotional well-being. Gaming has become a significant aspect of our culture, but what implications does this have for mental health?

Similar to other forms of entertainment, video games can influence mental health. Various factors contribute to how gaming affects an individual’s mental well-being. For instance, is their social life thriving? Do they face any mental health challenges? What type of games are they engaging with? How many hours do they spend playing each week or day? Let’s explore both the possible negative and positive impacts of video games.

Negative effects of video games on mental health

Recently, video games have faced criticism for possibly harming the mental health of players, and the issue of video game “addiction” has gained significant attention. Studies indicate that excessive gaming can result in adverse effects on mental well-being. Researchers examining how video games affect the brain negatively have highlighted concerns such as reduced impulse control, increased aggression, and cognitive overload.

Below are five negative mental health effects that can result from playing video games:

1. Increased aggression

Numerous well-known video games are inherently violent, necessitating players to engage in combat or eliminate other characters. Although research findings vary, some studies indicate that playing violent video games may result in heightened aggression or aggressive behaviors. Nonetheless, various external factors also contribute to this effect.

2. Disrupted sleep

Excessive gaming can harm sleep quality. Many individuals spend extended hours gaming late into the night, disrupting their sleep schedules and resulting in poorer sleep. Quality sleep is vital for mental well-being, and if video games lead to sleep deprivation, they can adversely affect mental health and exacerbate existing mental health issues.

3. Unhealthy escapism

Video games offer an enjoyable way to take a break from the stresses and difficulties of daily life. However, for young people, this can become problematic if they spend excessive amounts of time playing. They might turn to video games as a means of avoiding real-life issues or feelings. This can lead to an unhealthy reliance on gaming as a form of escapism, resulting in increased dependence on video games.

4. Depression

Excessive gaming behavior is associated with depression. The effects of video games on the brain play a significant role in this connection. When a young individual spends long hours playing games alone and neglects real-life friendships and relationships, it can result in isolation, which is a risk factor for developing depression. Furthermore, heavy reliance on video games for escape can also be linked to depression.

Additionally, researchers have discovered some links between depression and violent video games. A study found that young people who played violent games for more than two hours each day showed more signs of feeling down than those who played non-violent games.

5. Social anxiety

Social anxiety and excessive gaming can often be connected. There is a reciprocal relationship: young individuals experiencing social anxiety might be more prone to problematic gaming habits, while those who game excessively may develop heightened social anxiety. When young people devote more time to gaming instead of participating in in-person interactions, it can exacerbate their social anxiety and make them feel more at ease with video games than with real-life socializing.

The greater the amount of time a young person spends on excessive gaming, the greater the likelihood of encountering negative consequences. Studies on the negative effects of video games on child development suggest that prolonged gaming can impact cognitive growth, social skills, and emotional regulation. These effects are more commonly experienced by individuals who play video games for several hours each day compared to those who play casually.

What is internet gaming disorder (IGD)?

When talking about the harmful impacts of video games, it is crucial to address the potential for developing internet gaming disorder (IGD) as well.

IGD is frequently called “video game addiction” too. For certain gamers, excessive gaming can lead to issues that adversely affect their daily lives. They may develop a behavioral addiction to video games, which hinders their ability to function normally; at this stage, an individual might receive a diagnosis of IGD.

Some symptoms of IGD include:

• Feeling irritable, anxious, or sad when not playing games.
• Regularly using video games as a means of escape.
• Deceiving loved ones about the amount of time spent playing video games.
• Focusing on gaming instead of relationships or other pursuits.
• Needing to devote increasing amounts of time to gaming in order to experience the same level of enjoyment.
• Underperforming in school or at work because of too much gaming.
• Minimizing the time devoted to personal care and grooming activities.
• Attempting to alleviate feelings of hopelessness or guilt through playing video games.
• Struggling to cut back on gaming or to stop playing games altogether, despite these challenges.

To diagnose an individual with IGD, a professional must identify several symptoms that have persisted for more than a year. In such instances, it is essential for the person to pursue mental health care.

The link between neurodivergence and IGD

Because some neurodivergent individuals have increased sensitivity to sensory experiences, a strong concentration on particular interests, and a liking for organized routines, certain elements of gaming may be especially attractive to them. In other words, the engaging and consistent qualities of video games can be particularly appealing to those who are neurodivergent.

Certain studies have indicated a relationship between neurodivergence and problematic video game behaviors. For instance, research has suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorder may be more prone to excessive gaming, which could elevate their risk of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Additionally, connections have been established between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a heightened risk of developing IGD.

This doesn’t imply that neurodivergent individuals are inherently prone to problematic gaming. Many neurodivergent individuals enjoy video games in a healthy way, gaining advantages from online social interactions and stress relief. Conversely, some neurotypical individuals also engage in problematic gaming. In summary, neurodivergence isn’t the root of problematic gaming behavior, but it may make someone more susceptible to excessive gaming.

The beneficial impacts of video games on mental well-being.

Although worries regarding the adverse effects of video games on mental health are certainly justified, it’s essential to acknowledge the potential benefits they may offer. Some of these advantages might be unexpected. Here are four possible positive effects that playing video games can have on cognitive function and mental well-being:

1. Enhanced abilities in problem-solving and creativity.

Certain video games can provide a brief exercise for the mind, challenges that encourage the brain to engage and discover innovative solutions. A variety of games demand critical thinking, planning, and addressing intricate, original challenges. Studies indicate that engaging in games that focus on creative problem-solving can enhance a person’s abilities to resolve issues and increase their creativity.

2. Social connection

While many adults see gaming as a solitary pursuit, numerous modern video games promote social interaction. Players may not be in the same physical space, but they can communicate with others and collaborate while gaming.

Online multiplayer video games allow individuals to engage with friends from real life or meet new players from the game. In some instances, gaming can help alleviate feelings of loneliness. Nonetheless, it is important for gamers to maintain in-person social interactions beyond their gaming experiences.

3. Stress and anxiety relief

A significant number of teens and young adults from Generation Z face mental health challenges, with increased cases of issues such as anxiety. When played in moderation, video games can serve as an effective way to alleviate stress. Studies have shown that various types of games can help reduce anxiety levels.

Players can fully engage in gaming, allowing themselves to remain concentrated and in the present as they divert their minds from overwhelming anxious thoughts. This can provide a significant sense of tranquility. While “cozy games,” which are charming, soothing, and have low pressure, might be particularly effective for stress relief, studies have shown that various other game genres can also assist individuals in alleviating anxiety.

4. Reduction of depression symptoms

Many members of Gen Z also face challenges with depression, and engaging in video games in moderation can help improve their mood. Can gaming cause depression? While excessive gaming may contribute to mental health struggles, moderate play can have positive effects. Video games are a blast and having a good time is super important for everyone’s mental well-being. People dealing with depression can struggle to feel happy or fulfilled, but diving into video games can bring back those feelings, even if it’s just for a little while. Additionally, those coping with depression may feel lonely, and the social interaction offered by multiplayer online games can provide a welcome sense of connection.

Taking a balanced approach to gaming

Research exists to back both claims that gaming can harm mental health and that it can be beneficial. So if you or someone close to you loves gaming, it’s a good idea to play video games in moderation. That way, you can enjoy the fun parts without running into too many negative effects. Here are some tips to help you find that balance:

• Reduce the amount of time invested in playing video games.
• Engage in various activities, like sports or hobbies, that are free from technology.
• Encourage face-to-face social engagements with friends and family.
• Be mindful of when excessive time is devoted to gaming or if the behavior starts to cause issues.
• Seek assistance if you observe indications of IGD.

Final Thoughts

Video games can really impact our mental health in big ways. They can bring some good stuff but also come with their own set of challenges. While they can enhance problem-solving skills, foster social connections, and provide stress relief, excessive gaming may contribute to sleep disturbances, social anxiety, and even internet gaming disorder (IGD). Researchers exploring sociology research topics on mental health have examined how gaming habits intersect with social behavior, emotional well-being, and community building. Keeping a good relationship with gaming is all about moderation. Balancing your time in front of the screen with other activities in the real world and keeping an eye on any negative effects can help you enjoy the fun side of gaming without dealing with the downsides. Whether gaming is a hobby or a passion, a mindful approach ensures that it remains an enriching and enjoyable part of life.